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Simon studied Chemistry at the University of Münster from 1960-1964. He worked on his doctoral thesis in the group of Harald Schäfer from 1964-1966 and finished his habilitation in 1971. In 1972, he was appointed as an associate professor at the University of Münster. Starting in 1974, he was a member of the Max-Planck... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Oil-based defoamers have an oil carrier. The oil might be mineral oil, vegetable oil or any other oil that is insoluble in the foaming medium, except silicone oil. An oil-based defoamer also contains a wax and/or hydrophobic silica to boost the performance. Typical waxes are ethylene bis stearamide (EBS), paraffin waxe... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
McMillan was born in Edinburgh, Midlothian, and brought up in Loanhead, a small mining and farming village at the base of the Pentland Hills. He attended Lasswade High School, where he graduated with the Marshall Memorial medal. He then studied for a bachelor's degree in chemistry at the University of Edinburgh. After ... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Emissions from memory foam mattresses may directly cause more respiratory irritation than other mattresses. Memory foam, like other polyurethane products, can be combustible. Laws in several jurisdictions have been enacted to require that all bedding, including memory foam items, be resistant to ignition from an open f... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
For many applications, the counterion simply provides charge and lipophilicity that allows manipulation of its partner ion. The counterion is expected to be chemically inert. For counteranions, inertness is expressed in terms of low Lewis basicity. The counterions are ideally rugged and unreactive. For quaternary am... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
In April 1986, Georg Bednorz and Karl Müller, working at IBM in Zurich, discovered that certain semiconducting oxides became superconducting at relatively high temperature, in particular, a lanthanum barium copper oxide becomes superconducting at 35 K. This oxide was an oxygen-deficient perovskite-related material that... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Her awards and honours include;
* 1978 Royal Society of Chemistry Undergraduate Award
* 2010 Canadian Society for Chemistry Rio Tinto Alcan Award for Electrochemistry
* 2011 International Battery Association Award
* 2011 Royal Society of Canada Fellowship
* 2012 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Disting... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Double layer interactions are relevant in a wide number of phenomena. These forces are responsible for swelling of clays. They may also be responsible for the stabilization of colloidal suspension and will prevent particle aggregation of highly charged colloidal particles in aqueous suspensions. At low salt concentrati... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Blinking colloidal nanocrystals is a phenomenon observed during studies of single colloidal nanocrystals that show that they randomly turn their photoluminescence on and off even under continuous light illumination.
This has also been described as luminescence intermittency.
Similar behavior has been observed in crysta... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
In the Zimmermann reaction the Janovski adduct is oxidized with excess base to a strongly colored enolate with subsequent reduction of the dinitro compound to the aromatic nitro amine. This reaction is the basis of the Zimmermann test used for the detection of ketosteroids. | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
The JTE is usually associated with degeneracies that are well localised in space, like those occurring in a small molecule or associated to an isolated transition metal complex. However, in many periodic high-symmetry solid-state systems, like perovskites, some crystalline sites allow for electronic degeneracy giving r... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Nanofluid-based direct solar collectors are solar thermal collectors where nanoparticles in a liquid medium can scatter and absorb solar radiation. They have recently received interest to efficiently distribute solar energy. Nanofluid-based solar collector have the potential to harness solar radiant energy more effici... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Anthony Czarnik attended the University of Wisconsin and received his B.S. in Biochemistry in 1977. He then studied with Nelson J. Leonard at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and earned an M.S. in biochemistry in 1980 and a Ph.D. in chemistry in 1981 with a thesis, "Chemical studies on nucleic acid analog... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Georg Wiegner (April 20, 1883 – April 14, 1936) was a colloid chemist. He was born in Leipzig and died in Zurich.
Georg Wiegner studied natural sciences at the University of Leipzig, and received a doctorate in 1906. He was an assistant to Wilhelm Fleischmann at the University of Göttingen from 1907. He was appointed p... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
The detergent effect draws on surfactin's ability to insert its fatty acid chain into the phospholipid layer, disorganizing the cell membrane to increase its permeability. Insertion of several surfactin molecules into the membrane can lead to the formation of mixed micelles by self-association and bilayer influenced by... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Heated iron metal interacts with steam to form iron oxide and hydrogen gas.
Under anaerobic conditions, ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)) can be oxidized by water to form magnetite and molecular hydrogen. This process is described by the Schikorr reaction:
This works because crystalline magnetite (FeO) is thermodynamically mo... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D), has an important role in acting as a lung host defence protein. SP-D has a significant roles in immune and inflammatory regulation of the lung as it regulates of the level of surfactant in the lungs by a process named surfactant homeostasis. | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
There are several methods to prepare unilamellar liposomes and the protocols differ based on the type of desired unilamellar vesicles. Different lipids can be bought either dissolved in chloroform or as lyophilized lipids. In the case of lyophilized lipids, they can be solubilized in chloroform. Lipids are then mixed w... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Some of Keszler’s early work shows the importance of his research in material science for application purposes. For example, in 2002, he worked on thin-film electroluminescent devices which display high definition monochromic color outputs, and developing them to display a full range of color. They specifically focused... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization. Salts occur naturally within soils and water. Salination can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of an ocean. It can also come about through artificial p... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Brines are produced in multiple ways in nature. Modification of seawater via evaporation results in the concentration of salts in the residual fluid, a characteristic geologic deposit called an evaporite is formed as different dissolved ions reach the saturation states of minerals, typically gypsum and halite. Dissolut... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Organic molecules often come in two mirror-image forms, often referred to as "right-handed" and "left-handed". This handedness is called chirality. For example, the amino acid alanine comes in a right-handed (D-alanine) and a left-handed (L-alanine) form. Living cells are very selective, choosing amino acids only in th... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
In 2009, Czarnik submitted 240 patent applications covering the use of deuterium-substitution in drug discovery.. He has also invented drugs such as (R)-d1-lenalidomide and (R)-d1-pioglitazone, for clinical studies. | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
A hexagonal phase of lyotropic liquid crystal is formed by some amphiphilic molecules when they are mixed with water or another polar solvent. In this phase, the amphiphile molecules are aggregated into cylindrical structures of indefinite length and these cylindrical aggregates are disposed on a hexagonal lattice, giv... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
In chemistry, an inert salt is a salt used to adjust the ionic strength of a solution. This is usually done in equilibrium or kinetic studies in order to reduce relative changes in the ionic strength of a solution. The real goal is to reduce changes in the activity coefficients of ionic species which allows the definit... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
In colloidal chemistry, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of a surfactant is one of the parameters in the Gibbs free energy of micellization. The concentration at which the monomeric surfactants self-assemble into thermodynamically stable aggregates is the CMC. The Krafft temperature of a surfactant is the lowes... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Nano-thermite or super-thermite is a metastable intermolecular composite (MIC) characterized by a particle size of its main constituents, a metal and a metal oxide, under 100 nanometers. This allows for high and customizable reaction rates. Nano-thermites contain an oxidizer and a reducing agent, which are intimately m... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Most of the world reserves of potassium (K) were deposited as sea water in ancient inland oceans. After the water evaporated, the potassium salts crystallized into beds of potash ore. These are the locations where potash is being mined today. The deposits are a naturally occurring mixture of potassium chloride (KCl) an... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
*Prince, Leon M., Microemulsions in Theory and Practice Academic Press (1977) .
*Rosano, Henri L and Clausse, Marc, eds., Microemulsion Systems (Surfactant Science Series) Marcel Dekker, Inc. (1987) | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
InS nanoparticles luminesce in the visible spectrum. Preparing InS nanoparticles in the presence of other heavy metal ions creates highly efficient blue, green, and red phosphors, which can be used in projectors and instrument displays. | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Ion implantation may be used to treat the surfaces of dielectric materials such as sapphire and silica to make composites with near-surface dispersions of metal or oxide nanoparticles. | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
In a 2022 study by Chaudhary et al., aquasomes were explored for delivery of the drug dithranol, which is a treatment for psoriasis. A limitation of the practical application of free dithranol in the treatment of psoriasis is its degradation when encountering oxygen, light, alkaline pH, and heavy metallic elements, lea... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Soap is known to have been used as a surfactant for washing clothes since the Sumerian time in 2,500 B.C. In ancient Egypt, soda was used as a wash additive. In the 19th century, synthetic surfactants began to be created, for example from olive oil. Sodium silicate (water glass) was used in soap-making in the United St... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Copper(I) thiocyanate is a hole conductor, a semiconductor with a wide band gap (3.6 eV, therefore transparent to visible and near infrared light). It is used in photovoltaics in some third-generation cells as a hole transfer layer. It acts as a P-type semiconductor and as a solid-state electrolyte. It is often used in... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
The objective of acoustic foam is to enhance the sonic properties of a room by effectively managing unwanted reverberations. For this reason, acoustic foam is often used in restaurants, performance spaces, and recording studios. Acoustic foam is also often installed in large rooms with large, reverberative surfaces lik... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Various means of doping MgB with carbon (e.g. using 10% malic acid) can improve the upper critical field and the maximum current density
(also with polyvinyl acetate).
5% doping with carbon can raise H from 16 to 36 T while lowering T only from 39 K to 34 K. The maximum critical current (J) is reduced, but doping with ... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Clay-water interaction is an all-inclusive term to describe various progressive interactions between clay minerals and water. In the dry state, clay packets exist in face-to-face stacks like a deck of playing cards, but clay packets begin to change when exposed to water. Five descriptive terms describe the progressive ... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Chan moved to New York City at the age of eight and spent her childhood in North America. Chan studied at Baylor University and graduated in 1993. Initially a music majorspecialising in the violinshe soon became interested in chemistry. At Baylor, Chan worked under the supervision of Carlos Manzanares and Marianna Busc... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
N-Oleoylsarcosine (Sarkosyl O) is an amphiphilic oleic acid derivative having a sarcosine head group (N-methylglycine) which is used as a water-in-oil emulsifier and corrosion inhibitor. | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Due to the special semiconductor properties of carbon nitrides, they show unexpected catalytic activity for a variety of reactions, such as for the activation of benzene, trimerization reactions, and also the activation of carbon dioxide (artificial photosynthesis). | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glyc... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
MOBs are composed of two major components: a metal ion or cluster of metal ions and a biological molecule. Examples include CuHARS which contain copper as the metal ion and cystine as the biological molecule. Another example includes the use of silver as the metal ion in combination with cystine. Cystine is the dimer... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
The properties of a material in nanoparticle form are unusually different from those of the bulk one even when divided into micrometer-size particles. Many of them arise from spatial confinement of sub-atomic particles (i.e. electrons, protons, photons) and electric fields around these particles. The large surface to v... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Electrodiffusiophoresis is a motion of particles dispersed in liquid induced by external homogeneous electric field, which makes it similar to electrophoresis. | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Composite metal foam has shown an ability to shield against x-ray and neutron radiation, absorbs/mitigates shocks, sounds, and vibrations, and can withstand over 1,000,000 high load cycles, outperforming traditional solid metals in each case. | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
A preparation of indium sulfide made with the radioactive In can be used as a lung scanning agent for medical imaging. It is taken up well by lung tissues, but does not accumulate there. | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Composite metal foam has been tested in a puncture test. Puncture tests were conducted on S-S CMF-CSP with different thicknesses of stainless steel face sheets and CMF core. The bonding of the S-S CMF core and face sheets was done via adhesive bonding and diffusion bonding. Various thicknesses of the CMF core and face ... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Cleavable detergents, also known as cleavable surfactants, are special surfactants (detergents) that are used in biochemistry and especially in proteomics to enhance protein denaturation and solubility. The detergent is rendered inactive by cleavage, usually under acidic conditions, in order to make the sample compatib... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin (born 1957 in Thumboor, Andhra Pradesh, India) is an Indian-Swiss chemist and materials scientist who conducts research on Perovskite solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, and light-emitting diodes. He is a professor at EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) and the director of t... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Stephen Lee was born to 1957 Nobel Prize winner in Physics Tsung-Dao Lee and Hui-Chun Jeannette Chin (), who died in 1996. Lee has one brother, James Lee (; born 1952), who is the dean of the School of Humanities and Social Science at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and chair professor of the Divisio... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
[https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/superfund-sites-identified-by-epa-to-have-pfas-contamination Five military installations] in Washington State have been identified by the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works as having PFAS contamination. Toward environmental and consumer protections, the Wa... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
A comprehensive list can be found in the cv on the institutes website.'
* 2015 – Honorary doctorate from the University of Silesia in Katowice
* 2014 – Tsungming-Tu Prize, awarded by the National Science Council in Taiwan (the country’s highest academic distinction which can be bestowed on non-Taiwanese citizens)
* 201... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Unlike conventional composites, which typically fail catastrophically, RCCM fail incrementally because of the non-linear deformation phase and the multiplicity of joints and links. These results matched finite-element simulations with finely-meshed rigid body models. In addition to convergence to the observed coordinat... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
In 1965, Frank Ham proposed that the dynamic JTE could reduce the expected values of observables associated with the orbital wavefunctions due to the superposition of several electronic states in the total vibronic wavefunction. This effect leads, for example, to a partial quenching of the spin–orbit interaction and a... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
The presence of dangling bonds can lead to ferromagnetism in materials that are normally magnetically inactive, such as polymers and hydrogenated graphitic materials. A dangling bond contains/consists of an electron and can thus contribute its own net (para)magnetic moment. This only happens when the dangling bond elec... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Nanoaluminum, or ultra fine grain (UFG) aluminum, powders are a key component of most nano-thermitic materials. A method for producing this material is the dynamic gas-phase condensation method, pioneered by Wayne Danen and Steve Son at Los Alamos National Laboratory. A variant of the method is being used at the Indian... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Magnéli studied at Stockholm University and graduated with a Licentiate in 1941. He moved to Uppsala University to conduct his graduate research under Gunnar Hägg, obtaining his PhD in 1950 for the study on tungsten bronzes. He took up a teaching position at Stockholm University in 1953, and later became the Chair of I... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
NaH is colorless, although samples generally appear grey. NaH is around 40% denser than Na (0.968 g/cm).
NaH, like LiH, KH, RbH, and CsH, adopts the NaCl crystal structure. In this motif, each Na ion is surrounded by six H centers in an octahedral geometry. The ionic radii of H (146 pm in NaH) and F (133 pm) are compar... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Jing Li has received numerous awards and honors for her academic achievements, including:
* Henry Rutgers Research Fellow, Rutgers University, 1991–1993
* Henry Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar, The Camille & Henry Dreyfus Foundation, 1994–1998
* Presidential Faculty Fellow, The National Science Foundation, 1995–2000
* NSF CARE... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Tantalum(III) chloride is formed by reducing tantalum(V) chloride with tantalum metal. this is done by heating tantalum(III) chloride to 305 °C, passing the vapour over tantalum foil at 600°, and condensing the trichloride at 365 °C. If the condensing region is kept at too high a temperature, then TaCl deposits instead... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
*Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences (FASc, 1965)
*Fellow of the Indian National Science Academy (FNA, 1974)
*Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS, 1982)
*Founding Fellow of The World Academy of Sciences (FTWAS, 1983)
*Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (Hon. FRSC, 1989)
*Foreign Member of the Academia... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
EWM is an effective mechanism by which to get a short duration high intensity light source. The peak intensity for copper wire, for example, is 9.6·10 candle power/cm. J.A. Anderson wrote in his initial spectrography studies that the light was comparable to a black body at 20,000 K. The advantage of a flash produced i... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Reduction of magnetite ore by CO in a blast furnace is used to produce iron as part of steel production process:
Controlled oxidation of FeO is used to produce brown pigment quality γ-FeO (maghemite):
More vigorous calcining (roasting in air) gives red pigment quality α-FeO (hematite): | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
It has recently been shown that the lamellar phase of the APFN/2HO system form multilamellar vesicles under shear rate. | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Magnetic nanoparticle clusters or magnetic nanobeads with the size 80–150 nanometers form ordered structures along the direction of the external magnetic field with a regular interparticle spacing on the order of hundreds of nanometers resulting in strong diffraction of visible light in suspension. | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
HFB machines measure the strength of particle interactions using liquid flow to separate the particles. This method is used to find depletion force strength by adhering to a static plate one particle in a dispersion particle doublet and applying shear force through fluid flow. The drag created by the dispersion particl... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
As illustrated by the mineral djurleite, a cuprous sulfide is also known. With the approximate formula CuS, this material is non-stoichiometric (range CuS-CuS) and has a monoclinic structure with 248 copper and 128 sulfur atoms in the unit cell. CuS and CuS are similar in appearance and hard to distinguish one from ano... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
In chemistry, a counterion (sometimes written as "counter ion", pronounced as such) is the ion that accompanies an ionic species in order to maintain electric neutrality. In table salt (NaCl, also known as sodium chloride) the sodium ion (positively charged) is the counterion for the chloride ion (negatively charged) a... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Rigid polyurethane foam has many desirable properties which has enabled increased use in various applications, some of which are quite demanding. These properties include low thermal conduction making it useful as an insulator. It also has low density compared to metals and other materials and also good dimensional sta... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Surfactants which are less effective at foam production, may have additional co-surfactants added to increase foaming. In which case, the co-surfactant is referred to as the foaming agent. These are surfactants used in lower concentration in a detergent system than the primary surfactant, often the cocamide family of s... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Kanatzidis developed synthesis methodologies to synthesizing new chalcogenide materials and intermetallics. One of his notable contributions is the panoramic synthesis method, which enables the design and discovery of novel materials. He is also credited with developing flux synthesis techniques that allow for reactio... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Soapmakers in Naples were members of a guild in the late sixth century (then under the control of the Eastern Roman Empire), and in the eighth century, soap-making was well known in Italy and Spain. The Carolingian capitulary De Villis, dating to around 800, representing the royal will of Charlemagne, mentions soap as ... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Arndt Simon (born 14 January 1940) is a German inorganic chemist. He was a director at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart. | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Roth studied geology at Coe College and University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, where he obtained his PhD in 1951. He worked at the United States Geological Survey as a field assistant, and after his PhD, he joined the National Bureau of Standards (later NIST), where he remained for most of his career. Since 1981, he ... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Bismuth selenide is a semiconductor and a thermoelectric material. While stoichiometric bismuth selenide should be a semiconductor with a gap of 0.3 eV, naturally occurring selenium vacancies act as electron donors, so BiSe is intrinsically n-type.
Bismuth selenide has a topologically insulating ground-state. Topologic... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Molybdenite is extremely soft with a metallic luster, and is superficially almost identical to graphite, to the point where it is not possible to positively distinguish between the two minerals without scientific equipment. It marks paper in much the same way as graphite. Its distinguishing feature from graphite is its... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
In relation to packaging, starches and biopolyesters make up these biofoams as they are adequate replacements to expanded polystyrene. Polylactic acids (PLAs) are a common form of the basis of these biofoams since they offer a substitute for polyolefin-based foams that are commonly used in automotive parts, pharmaceuti... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
The salt and ice challenge is an Internet challenge where participants pour salt on their bodies, usually on the arm, and ice is then placed on the salt. This causes a "burning" sensation similar to frost bite, and participants vie to withstand the pain for the longest time. The challenge can be recorded and posted on ... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Compared to the general public exposed to contaminated drinking water, professional ski wax technicians are more strongly exposed to PFASs (PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFHpA, PFDoDA) from the glide wax used to coat the bottom of skis to reduce the friction between the skis and snow. During the coating process, the wax is heated,... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Settling is the process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a sediment. Particles that experience a force, either due to gravity or due to centrifugal motion will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force. For gravity settling, this means that the particles w... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Powder defoamers are in principle oil-based defoamers on a particulate carrier like silica. These are added to powdered products like cement, plaster and detergents. | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Simon was awarded a number of awards and honorary doctorates:
* 1972 Chemistry Award of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities
* 1985 Wilhelm Klemm Award of the Society of German Chemists
* 1987 Otto Bayer Award
* 1990 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
* 1998 Dr. rer.nat. h.c. of Technical University Dresden
... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Potash was one of the most important industrial chemicals. It was refined from the ashes of broadleaved trees and produced primarily in the forested areas of Europe, Russia, and North America. Although methods for producing artificial alkalis were invented in the late 18th century, these did not become economical until... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Hydrocarbon chains are long chains which consist of a carbon backbone hydrogen substituents, making them very hydrophobic. Hydrocarbon chains alone form waxes and oils and retain these characteristics when they are incorporated into surfactant. A good example of surfactants containing a hydrocarbon chain are lipids, wh... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Pyrite usually forms cuboid crystals, sometimes forming in close association to form raspberry-shaped masses called framboids. However, under certain circumstances, it can form anastomosing filaments or T-shaped crystals.
Pyrite can also form shapes almost the same as a regular dodecahedron, known as pyritohedra, and t... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Rundle died from a stroke in Iowa Methodist Hospital on October 9, 1963. He was survived by his wife and three sons. | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Salinity () is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg (grams of salt per liter/kilogram of water; the latter is dimensionless and equal to ‰).
Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the ch... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Dronskowski studied chemistry and physics at the University of Münster from 1981 to 1986. He completed his chemistry diploma with Bernt Krebs and Arndt Simon in 1987. He finished his physics diploma with Ole Krogh Andersen and Johannes Pollmann in 1989. He received his doctorate under supervision of Arndt Simon at the ... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Numerous experimental techniques have been developed to study particle
aggregation. Most frequently used are time-resolved optical techniques that are based on transmittance or scattering of light.
Light transmission. The variation of transmitted light through an aggregating suspension can be studied with a regular spe... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Banhart describes two dominating perspectives in which cellular metals are characterized, referring to them as atomistic and macroscopic. The atomistic (or molecular) perspective holds that a cellular material is a construction of struts, membranes, and other elements which possess mechanical properties of their bulk m... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Governments have set standards on the allowable turbidity in drinking water. In the United States, public water systems that use conventional or direct filtration methods must not have a turbidity higher than 1.0 NTU at the plant outlet and all samples for turbidity must be less than or equal to 0.3 NTU for at least 95... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
The plasmon resonance displayed by nanoparticles, gold particles are most often used as an example, can be altered using the interfacial layer. When either anionic or cationic ligands bound to a nanoparticle made of gold for example are increased in length, the wavelength of the plasmon resonance will shift to red.
An... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
When one or more salt layers are present during extensional tectonics, a characteristic set of structures is formed. Extensional faults propagate up from the middle part of the crust until they encounter the salt layer. The weakness of the salt prevents the fault from propagating through. However, continuing displaceme... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Caliche beds can cause problems for agriculture. First, an impermeable caliche layer prevents water from draining properly, which can keep roots from getting enough oxygen. Salts can also build up in the soil due to the lack of drainage. Both of these situations are detrimental to plant growth. Second, the impermeable ... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Turbidity in open water may be caused by growth of phytoplankton. Human activities that disturb land, such as construction, mining and agriculture, can lead to high sediment levels entering water bodies during rain storms due to storm water runoff. Areas prone to high bank erosion rates as well as urbanized areas also ... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Another commonly employed space-holder for titanium foams is urea, which yielded porosities from 20 to 75%. Wen et al. produced foams exhibiting a bimodal pore distribution with porosities ranging from 55 to 75%, Young's moduli between 3–6.4 GPa, and a plateau stress of 10–35 MPa. An inverse relationship between platea... | 0 | Colloidal Chemistry |
Joseph McLain was born in Weirton, West Virginia on July 11, 1916, the son of Howard and Elizabeth McLain. He spent his childhood in Baltimore, Maryland. Like his older brother, McLain was educated at Washington College. While in college, McLain was a member of Theta Chi, president of the class of 1937, and played bask... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Metal matrix nanocomposites can also be defined as reinforced metal matrix composites. This type of composites can be classified as continuous and non-continuous reinforced materials. One of the more important nanocomposites is Carbon nanotube metal matrix composites, which is an emerging new material that is being de... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Rarely encountered, thioxanthates arise by the reaction of CS with thiolate salts. For example, sodium ethylthioxanthate has the formula CHSCSNa. Dithiocarbamates are also related compounds. They arise from the reaction of a secondary amine with CS. For example, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate has the formula (CH)NCSNa... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
Chan began her career as an assistant professor of chemistry at Louisiana State University in 2000. In 2002 she was awarded an National Science Foundation CAREER Award and selected as one of the American Chemical Society women making an impact in chemistry. In 2004 Chan was awarded an ExxonMobil Faculty Fellowship Awar... | 1 | Solid-state chemistry |
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